打压！外媒：美商务部将27个实体和个人列入“军事最终用户”，包括12家中企。
刚刚，消息称，美国商务部工业与安全局宣布将27个实体和个人列入所谓“军事最终用户”（MEU）清单，其中包括12家中企。
芯榜（微信：icrankcn）搜集整理12个企业分别是嘉兆科技（深圳）、杭州中科微电子、合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室、国科微、新华三半导体技术、peaktek company、保利亚太公司、国盾量子、陕西智恩机电、上海国盾量子、西安航天华讯、苏州云芯微电子
俄罗斯卫星通讯社报道截图
卫星网称，根据美国商务部网站公布的名单，四个亚洲国家的实体和个人被列入：日本和新加坡各1；中国12；巴基斯坦13。
美国商务部宣称，这些实体和个人被列入的原因包括支持中国军事量子计算应用，支持巴基斯坦核与导弹的扩散，以及支持俄罗斯军方。归根结底，美国商务部认定这些实力和个人的行为有可能危害美国的安全利益。
商务部工业和安全局（BIS）发布了一项最终规则，将27个外国实体和个人加入实体名单，以从事违反美国国家安全或外交政策利益的活动。这27个实体和个人位于中华人民共和国、日本、巴基斯坦和新加坡。军事最终用户（MEU）名单中增加了一个设在俄罗斯的实体。
美国商务部长Gina M.Raimondo发表了以下声明：“全球贸易和商业应该支持和平、繁荣和高薪工作，而不是国家安全风险。今天的行动将有助于防止美国技术转移到中国和俄罗斯的军事发展和防扩散活动中，如巴基斯坦不受保障的核活动或弹道导弹发射商务部致力于有效利用出口管制来保护我们的国家安全。”
美国罗列各种理由打压中国企业的行为，此前已屡见不鲜。中国外交部发言人华春莹曾表示，美国政府泛化国家安全概念，滥用国家力量，不择手段打压中国企业，是对美方自己一贯标榜的市场经济和公平竞争原则的否定。这种做法不仅损害中国企业的合法权益，也损害美国企业的利益，严重干扰两国乃至全球正常的科技交流和贸易往来，对全球产业链、供应链造成破坏。“我们敦促美方纠正错误，停止对中国企业的诬蔑抹黑和无理打压，公平、公正、非歧视地对待中国企业。中国政府将继续坚定维护中国企业的合法权益。”她说。
Commerce Lists Entities Involved in the Support of PRC Military Quantum Computing Applications, Pakistani Nuclear and Missile Proliferation, and Russia’s Military
The Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) has issued a final rule adding twenty-seven foreign entities and individuals to the Entity List for engaging in activities that are contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. The twenty-seven entities and individuals are located in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), Japan, Pakistan and Singapore. One entity based in Russia was added to the Military End-User (MEU) list.U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina M. Raimondo released the following statement: “Global trade and commerce should support peace, prosperity, and good-paying jobs, not national security risks. Today’s actions will help prevent the diversion of U.S. technologies to the PRC’s and Russia’s military advancement and activities of non-proliferation concern like Pakistan’s unsafeguarded nuclear activities or ballistic missile program. The Department of Commerce is committed to effectively using export controls to protect our national security.”Eight technology entities based in the PRC are being added to the list as part of the Department of Commerce’s efforts to prevent U.S. emerging technologies from being used for the PRC’s quantum computing efforts that support military applications, such as counter-stealth and counter-submarine applications, and the ability to break encryption or develop unbreakable encryption. These PRC-based technology entities support the military modernization of the People’s Liberation Army and/or acquire and attempt to acquire U.S. origin-items in support of military applications. Today’s action will also restrict exports to PRC producers of electronics that the support the People’s Liberation Army’s military modernization efforts.Sixteen entities and individuals operating in PRC and Pakistan were added to the Entity List based on their contributions to Pakistan’s unsafeguarded nuclear activities or ballistic missile program.Three affiliates of Corad Technology Limited, a Chinese entity added to the Entity List in 2019, have been added due to their involvement in sales of technology from the United States and other Western nations to Iran’s military and space programs, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) front companies, and PRC government and defense industry subordinate entities.BIS has also added the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology to the MEU List on the basis of its production of military products for a military end-user.These actions were taken under the authority of the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 and its implementing regulations, the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).The Entity List is a tool utilized by BIS to restrict the export, reexport, and in-country transfer of items subject to the EAR to persons (individuals, organizations, companies) reasonably believed to be involved, have been involved, or pose a significant risk of being or becoming involved, in activities contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States. For the entities added to the Entity List in this final rule, BIS imposes a license requirement that applies to all items subject to the EAR. In addition, no license exceptions are available for exports, reexports, or in-country transfers to the entities being added to the Entity List in this rule. BIS imposes a license review policy of a presumption of denial for these entities. The MEU List serves to inform the public of certain parties in China, Russia, Venezuela and Burma that the U.S. government has determined to be military end users. Exports, reexports, and in-country transfers of items identified in Supplement No. 2 of Part 744 of the EAR to parties listed on the MEU List require a license.For more information, visit www.bis.doc.gov.
